The internet
Book for: Jennifer Roche, Mike Junior.
1) Overview of the internet Technology and Value Network
The internet: is a vast collection of networks of computers that are interconnected both physically and through their ability to encoded and decoded certain specialized communications protocol called the Internet Protocol (IP) and the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).
IP & TCP: IP describe how information to be transmitted should be broken down into small packets, while TCO describe how to stream of package should be reconstructed at the other end and what to do.
The internet infrastructure: consist of (5) major elements
1-Backbone routers (digital switches).
2-Points of presence (Pops).
3-Computers servers.
4-Users connected to the computers (individuals and enterprises).
Backbones:
is a high speed communication lines “Trunk lines” mad from fiber optics the capacity of this lines connected to high speed computers to transfer data among this computers the bandwidth of this line refers to the capacity of data transfers it expressed in the number of bits transfer per second (BPS) or millions per second (MBPS) or for a very high capacity lines (GBPS).
The switches:
take the information to pass it along to the next backbones lines, i.e. in perform a “routing” functions , deciding on which direction to pass traffic and it’s called “Routers” (when you ask for an information from a lot of sources so that make a traffic so the routers decide and organize this traffic ).
Users:
there is two kind of users individuals who connect to the internet via (ISP) or (POP) and the medium enterprises and large connect to the internet by (LANs) “which consist of a various hardware”through a fire wall of without fire wall to protect the (LANs) from the users or out abuses.
The world wide web:
WWW it's a collections of computer which connected together and which support hypertext "which mean you can select a text to show additional information about soothing and drive you to another page or pages" and the hypertext don't follow the normal text liner from top to bottom but in contains a sum of likes, but how can the user can know which items are available? The authors decide which items contain worthy information and add special link to pages or pages which contain farther information.
The "internet value network":
all the components refer the more user of the internet and more interrelations create a value for the end users customers and companies.
.products and in the same time be as a portals.
1) Users:
the companies which use the internet intensively in their business and we exclude the companies which use the internet only periphery their business, we can divided users into 4 groups:
1) E-commerce: companies sell goods over the internet.
Two definition the company which sell its products through the internet or any company use the internet to sell or buy it's product, even this company manufacture it's product or buy it and resell it again to the end buyers or it's a downstream buyers when need to conflict with the internet it called internet conflict.
2)Content aggregators: the companies aggregate content and display in their site.
This company is listed as a users or suppliers because it's intensive work to use the internet and provides contents.
3) Market maker: ply a role as intermediates or brokers between seller and buyer.
"In a contrast of expectation" the biggest company in the internet is ply a role as a brokers no a anufactures and try to bring the buyers and the seller to gathers and get a commissions, so the internet increase the number of brokers and intermediates.
4) Service provider: the companies which furnish all the internet service.
This service include the consulting and software through the internet and EDS "Electronic data system" when company hire another company to run its business through the internet and to run its business on the internet and it's called outsourcing "mean to use another company to run it's activities through the internet".
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